Human Anatomy Mnemonics

Femoral artery deep branches

“Put My Leg Down Please“:
Profundus femoris (deep femoral artery)
Medial circumflex femoral artery
Lateral circumflex femoral artery
Descending genicular arteries
Perforating arteries

Femoral hernia: epidemiology

Femoral hernias are more common in Females.

Femoral triangle: arrangement of contents

NAVEL:
From lateral hip towards medial navel:
Nerve (directly behind sheath)
Artery (within sheath)
Vein (within sheath)
Empty space (between vein and lymph)
Lymphatics (with deep inguinal node)
Nerve/Artery/Vein are all called Femoral.

Femoral triangle: arrangement of nerve, artery, vein

VAN:
From medial to lateral:
Vein
Artery
Nerve
Nerve/Artery/Vein are all called Femoral.

Femoral triangle: contents

Hi Yield [ID 1142]

NAVY:
In order from lateral to medial:
Nerve
Artery
Vein
Y of the groin
Alternatively: Y = Y-fronts [male underwear].
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor

Heart valve sequence

[ID 1938]

“Try Pulling My Aorta”:
Tricuspid
Pulmonary
Mitral
Aorta
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
Michael Franco Melbourne University, Australia

Heart valves

[ID 484]

“Toilet Paper My A$$”:
From right to left:
Tricuspid
Pulmonic
Mitral
Aortic
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
Jim Colburn Indiana University Medical Center

Heart valves: order in circuit

[ID 3053]

“First learn a Tricycle, then learn a Bicycle”:
Flow through Tricuspid first, then Bicuspid.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor

Inferior vena cava tributaries

[ID 1091]

“I Like To Rise S o High”:
Illiacs
Lumbar
Testicular
Renal
S uprarenal
Hepatic vein.
Think of the IVC wanting to rise high up to the heart.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Cardiovascular
Usman Ahmad KMC

Internal iliac artery: anterior branches

[ID 1169]

What Bill admitted to Hilary: “I Milked Our Insatiable Intern’s Udders Under the Desk”:
Inferior gluteal
Middle rectal
Obturator
Inferior vesical artery
Internal pudendal artery
Umbilical
U/D=Uterine artery (female)/ Deferential artery (male)
Knowledge Level 4, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor

Internal iliac artery: posterior branch

[ID 801]

PILS:
Posterior branch
Iliolumbar
Lateral sacral
S uperior gluteal
Knowledge Level 5, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor

Internal jugular vein: tributaries

[ID 502]

“Medical S chools Let Confident People In”:
From inferior to superior:
Middle thyroid
S uperior thyroid
Lingual
Common facial
Pharyngeal
Inferior petrosal sinus
Knowledge Level 6, System: Cardiovascular
LaShawn A. Weaver Medical University of South Carolina

Liver: side with ligamentum venosum/ caudate lobe vs. side with quadrate lobe/ ligamentum teres

[ID 270]

“VC goes with VC”:
The Venosum and Caudate is on same side as Vena Cava [posterior]. Therefore, quadrate and teres must
be on anterior by default.
See inferior-view diagram.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Cardiovascular
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Lung lobe numbers: right vs. left

Hi Yield [ID 79]

Tricuspid heart valve and tri-lobed lung both on the right side.
Bicuspid and bi-lobed lung both on the left side.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Maxillary artery branches

“DAM I AM Piss Drunk But S tupid Drunk I Prefer, Must Phone Alcoholics Anonymous”:
Deep auricular
Anterior tympanic
Middle meningeal
Inferior alveolar
Accessory meningeal
Masseteric
Pterygoid
Deep temporal
Buccal
S phenopalatine
Descending palatine
Infraorbital
Posterior superior alveolar
Middle superior alveolar

[ID 935]

Pharyngeal
Anterior superior alveolar
Artery of the pterygoid canal
Knowledge Level 7, System: Cardiovascular
Imani Walker and Fareeda Hamid New York College of Osteopathic Medicine

Portal-systemic anastomoses: main 2 places that retroperitoneals connect into systemic

[ID 511]

RetroPeritoneals hook up with Renal and Paravertebral veins.
Knowledge Level 6, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor

Saphenous veins: path of great vs. small at malleolus

[ID 278]

“MAGdelaine has varicose veins” [The saphenous veins are important for varicose veins]:
Medial maleolus, Anterior to maleolus, and Great saphenous go together.
Then the opposites of these go together: Small saphenous is posterior to the lateral maleolus.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Cardiovascular
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Subclavian artery branches

[ID 2451]

“Very Tired Individuals S ip S trong Coffee S erved Daily”:
Vertebral artery
Thyrocervical trunk
—Inferior thyroid
—S uperficial cervical
—S uprascapular
Costocervical
—S uperior intercostal
—Deep cervical
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
Gene Lee Emory School of Medicine

Superior thyroid artery branches

[ID 136]

“May I S oftly S queeze Charlie’s Girl?”:
Muscular
Infrahyoid
S uperior laryngeal
S ternomastoid
Cricothyroid
Glandular
Knowledge Level 7, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor

Thoracic cage: relations to the important venous structures

[ID 324]

Behind the sternoclavicular joints: the brachiocephalic veins begin.
Behind the 1st costal cartilage on the right the superior vena cava begins.
Behind the 2nd costal cartilage on the right the azygos vein ends.
Behind the 3rd costal cartilage on the right the superior vena cava ends.
Knowledge Level 6, System: Cardiovascular
Fred Reid Undergrad at St-Andrews, UK

Thoracoacromial artery branches

[ID 662]

“CAlifornia Police Department”:
Clavicular
Acromial
Pectoral
Deltoid
Knowledge Level 6, System: Cardiovascular
Michael A. Chaplin SUNY-HSCB Downstate College of Medicine

Thoracoacromial artery branches

[ID 1207]

ABCD:
Acromial
Breast (pectoral)
Clavicular
Deltoid
Knowledge Level 6, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous contributor UCLA School of Medicine

Ulnar nerve to ulnar artery and radial nerve to radial artery relations

[ID 90]

Think “peripheral nerves”:
The ulnar nerve is “ulnar” to the ulnar artery.
Radial nerve is “radial” to the radial artery.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor

Thyroid: isthmus location

Hi Yield [ID 97]

“Rings 2,3,4 make the isthmus floor”:
Isthmus overlies tracheal rings 2,3,4
Knowledge Level 3, System: Endocrine
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Thyroids: relative sizes

[ID 275]

Thyroid looks like a bra (see picture).
Breasts are bigger in women, so thyroid bigger in women.
Pregnant women have biggest breasts of all, so they have the biggest thyroids.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Endocrine
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Scalp layers

[ID 258]

SCALP:
From superficial to deep:
S kin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose areolar tissue
Pericranium
Knowledge Level 1, System: Integumental
Anonymous Contributor

Kidney hilums at transpyloric plane [L1] [ID 76]

L-1 goes through hilum of only 1 kidney, and it’s the Left one.
Knowledge Level 8, System: Kidney/Urine
Anonymous Contributor

Ureter to ovarian/testicular artery relation

[ID 56]

“Water under the bridge”:
The ureters (which carry water), are posterior to the ovarian/testicular artery.
Clinically important, since a common surgical error is to cut ureter instead of ovarian artery when removing uterus.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Kidney/Urine
Anonymous Contributor

Leino- definition

[ID 75]

“Leino” rhymes with “spleen-o”:
Therefore leino- means something to do with the spleen.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Lymphoid
Anonymous Contributor

Spleen: dimensions, weight, surface anatomy

[ID 54]

”1,3,5,7,9,11″:
Spleen dimensions are 1 inch x 3 inches x 5 inches.
Weight is 7 ounces.
It underlies ribs 9 through 11.
Knowledge Level 5, System: Lymphoid
Anonymous Contributor

Thoracic duct: relation to azygous vein and esophagus

[ID 26]

“The duck between 2 gooses”:
Thoracic duct (duck) is between 2 gooses, azygous and esophagus.
Knowledge Level 5, System: Lymphoid
Anonymous Contributor

Thoracic duct: which half of upper body does it drain

[ID 98]

Know drains all of lower body, but was it the right or the left part of the upper body?
Answer: its Lymph from the Left of the upper body.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Lymphoid
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Abdominal muscles

[ID 162]

“Spare TIRE around their abdomen”:
Transversus abdominis
Internal abdominal oblique
Rectus abdominis
External abdominal oblique
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor

Adductor magnus innervation

[ID 255]

“AM SO!”:
Adductor Magnus innervated by S ciatic and Obturator.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Anterior forearm muscles: superficial group

[ID 273]

There are five, like five digits of your hand.
Place your thumb into your palm, then lay that hand palm down on your other arm, as shown in diagram.
Your 4 fingers now show distribution: spells PFPF [pass/fail, pass/fail]:
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Your thumb below your 4 fingers shows the muscle which is deep to the other four: Flexor digitorum
superficialis.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Anterior forearm muscles: superficial group

[ID 1117]

“Pimps F*ck Prostitutes For Fun”:
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longous
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle
Rob

Biceps brachii muscle: origins

[ID 1876]

”You walk shorter to a street corner. You ride longer on a superhighway.”:
Short head originates from coracoid process.
Long head originates from the supraglenoid cavity.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle
Rommel L. de los Reyes College of Physical Therapy – Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila (University of the City of Manila)

Bicipital groove: attachments of muscles near it

[ID 27]

“The lady between two majors”:
Teres major attaches to medial lip of groove.
Pectoralis major to lateral lip of groove.
Latissimus (Lady) is on floor of groove, between the 2 majors.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle
Sandeep

Brachioradialis: function, innervation, one relation, one attachment

[ID 92]

BrachioRadialis:
Function: Its the Beer Raising muscle, flexes elbow, strongest when wrist is oriented like holding a beer.
Innervation: Breaks Rule: it’s a flexor muscle, But Radial. (Radial nerve usually is for extensors: Recall BEST rule: B was for
brachioradialis).
Important relation: Behind it is the Radial nerve in the cubital fossa.
Attachment: Attaches to Bottom of Radius.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Muscle
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Elbow: muscles that flex it

[ID 94]

Three B’s Bend the elBow:
Brachialis
Biceps
Brachioradialis
Knowledge Level 2, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor

Elbow: which side has common flexor origin

[ID 6]

FM (as in FM Radio):
Flexor Medial, so Common Flexor Origin is on the medial side.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor

Erector spinae muscles

[ID 661]

“I Love S ex”:
From lateral to medial:
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
S pinalis
Alternatively: “I Long for S pinach”
“Sex” helps you think of “Erector”, but “Long” and “Spinach” help you remember the muscles’ names.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Muscle
Michael A. Chaplin SUNY-HSCB Downstate College of Medicine

Erector spinae muscles

[ID 2108]

“I Like S tanding”:
From lateral to medial
Illiocostalis
Longissimus
S pinalis
Knowledge Level 7, System: Muscle
Wayne Feder

Erector spinae muscles: order

[ID 2551]

Spinalis is on the spine (most medial).
Iliocostalis is on the ribs (most lateral).
And it’s a Long (Longissimus) way between the spine and the ribs!
Knowledge Level 5, System: Muscle
Nikki Stamp Student, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Australia

Extensor expansion location in the hand

[ID 93]

The eXtensor eXpansion is on the proXimal phalynX.
Knowledge Level 6, System: Muscle
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Extrinsic muscles of tongue [for pro soccer fans] [ID 421]

“Paris St. Germain’s Hour”:
Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
PSG is a French soccer team (foreign), hence extrinsic comes to mind.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle
Evren Tufan Istanbul University Medical Student

Eye rotation by oblique muscles

[ID 1416]

“I Love S &M”:
Inferior oblique: Lateral eye rotation.
S uperior oblique: Medial eye rotation.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle
CS Eddleman Medical Student, Texas Tech SOM

Femoral triangle: boundaries

[ID 2776]

“S o I May Always Love S ally”:
S uperiorly: Inguinal ligament
Medially: Adductor longus
Laterally: S artorius
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor

Flexor digitorum muscles: how they insert onto fingers

[ID 89]

A little rhyme:
S uperficialis S plits in two,
To Permit Profundus Passing through.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor

Hip: lateral rotators

[ID 657]

“Piece Goods Often Go On Quilts”:
Piriformis
Gemellus superior
Obturator internus
Gemellus inferior
Obturator externus
Quadratus femoris
Knowledge Level 4, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor

Hip: lateral rotators

[ID 833]

”Play Golf Or Go On Quaaludes”:
From top to bottom:
Piriformis
Gemellus superior
Obturator internus
Gemellus inferior
Obturator externus
Quadratus femoris
Alternatively: “P-GO-GO-Q”.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Muscle
Lior Greenberg Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel

Interossei muscles: actions of dorsal vs. palmar in hand

[ID 293]

“PAd and DAb”:
The Palmar Adduct and the Dorsal Abduct.
Use your hand to dab with a pad.
Knowledge Level 5, System: Muscle
Dr. Atif Farooq and Anonymous Contributor Rawalpindi Medical College, Pakistan and Not Specified

Interossei muscles: number of palmars vs. dorsals

[ID 96]

“3 on the P, 4 on the Dor”:
There are 3 Palmar, and 4 Dorsal interossei.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Muscle
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Intrinsic muscles of hand (palmar surface)

[ID 646]

“A OF A OF A”:
Thenar, lateral to medial:
Abductor pollicis longus
Opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis.
Hypothenar, lateral to medial:
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Knowledge Level 4, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor

Inversion vs. eversion muscles in leg

[ID 102]

Second letter rule for inversion/eversion:
Eversion muscles:
pErineus longus
pErineus brevis
pErineus terius
Inversion muscles:
tIbialis anterior
tIbialis posterior
Knowledge Level 6, System: Muscle
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Leg: anterior muscles of leg

[ID 916]

“Tom’s Hairy ANd Dirty Penis”:
T: Tibialis anterior
H: extensor Hollicis longus
AN: anterior tibial Artery & deep fibular Nerve
D: extensor Digitorum longus
P: Peronius tertius [aka fibularis tertius]
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor

Leg: anterior muscles of leg

[ID 1347]

”The Hospitals Are Not Dirty Places”:
T: Tibialis anterior
H: extensor Hallucis longus
A: anterior tibial Artery
N: deep fibular Nerve
D: extensor Digitorum longus
P: Peronius tertius [aka fibularis tertius]
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle
Hemant Ekbote/Amit Dixit Mgm’s medical college India

Lower limb peripheral nerve injurys

Hi Yield [ID 2175]

“Drop into a DEeP PIT and shuffle your way out”:
Foot Drop results from Dorsiflexors and Evertors paralysis, due to common Peroneal nerve lesion.
Plantarflexion and Inversion impairment due to Tibial nerve lesion, results in a shuffling gait.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle
Monica Therese Cating University of the Philippines College of Medicine

Lumbricals action

[ID 5]

Lumbrical action is to hold a pea, that is to flex the metacarpophalangeal joint and extend the
interphalangeal joints. When look at hand in this position, can see this makes an “L” shape, since L is for
Lumbrical.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Muscle
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Muscles: potentially absent ones

[ID 1291]

Muscles which may be absent but may be important:
5 P’s:
Palmaris longus [upper limb]
Plantaris [lower limb]
Peroneus tertius [lower limb]
Pyramidalis [anterior abdominal wall]
Psoas minor [posterior abdominal wall]
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle
Shebrain Cairo University

Oblique muscles: direction of externals vs. internals

[ID 57]

“Hands in your pockets”:
When put hands in your pockets, fingers now lie on top of external obliques and fingers point their direction of fibers: down and towards
midline.
Note: “oblique” tells that must be going at an angle.
Internal obliques are at right angles to external.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor

Plantarflexion vs. dorsiflexion

[ID 202]

Plantar flexion occurs when you squish a Plant with your foot.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor

Popliteal fossa: medial to lateral arrangment

[ID 2747]

“S erve And Volley Next Ball”:
S emimembranosus/ S emitendonosus
Artery
Vein
Nerve
Biceps femoris
Lateral and medial heads of Gastrocnemius are inferior borders.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle
Tympany W. Quintosh Saba University School of Medicine

Popliteal fossa: muscles arrangement

[ID 9]

The two Semi’s go together, Semimembranosus and Semitendonosus.
The Membranosus is Medial and since the two semis go together, Semitendonosus is also medial.
Therefore, Biceps Femoris has to be lateral.
Of the semi’s, to remember which one is superficial: the Tendonosus is on Top.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor
[ID 1090]

Psoas major: innervation

If you hit L2, 3, 4
Psoas gets sore!
Knowledge Level 2, System: Muscle
Usman Ahmad KMC
[ID 70]

Pterygoid muscles: function of lateral vs. medial

“Look at how your jaw ends up when saying first syllable of ‘Lateral’ or ‘Medial’ “:
“La”: your jaw is now open, so Lateral opens mouth.
“Me”: your jaw is still closed, so medial closes the mandible.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Muscle
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Rotator cuff muscles

Hi Yield [ID 35]

“The SITS muscles”:
Clockwise from top:
S upraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
S ubscapularis
A pro baseball pitcher has injured his rotator cuff muscles. As a result, he SITS out for the rest of the
game, and then gets sent to the minor leagues.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Muscle
Anne Conlin and Robert O’Connor University of Western Ontario Medical School, London, Canada and University College Dublin

Serratus anterior: innervation

[ID 547]

SALT:
S erratus Anterior = Long Thoracic.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Muscle
Erin B. Dominiak Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine

Serratus anterior: innervation and action

Hi Yield [ID 25]

“C5-6-7 raise your arms up to heaven”:
Long thoracic nerve roots (567) innervate Serratus anterior.
Test C567 roots clinically by ability to raise arm past 90 degrees.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Muscle
Anonymous Contributor

Soleus vs. gastrocnemius muscle function

[ID 101]

“Stand on your Soles. Explosive gas”:
You stand on soles of your shoes, so Soleus is for posture.
Gasoline is explosive, so Gastrocnemius is for explosive movement.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Supination vs. pronation

[ID 2346]

“SOUPination”: Supination is to turn your arm palm up, as if you are holding a bowl of soup.
“POUR-nation”: Pronation is to turn your arm with the palm down, as if you are pouring out whatever is your bowl.
Alternatively, Pronation donation: Pronation is palm facing downward, as if making a donation.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle
LCK and Anonymous Contributor University of Ottawa and Not Specified

Supination vs. pronation: which is more powerful

[ID 121]

Screws were designed to be tightened well by majority of people.
“Righty tighty”: to tighten screws you turn to the right.
Majority of people are right-handed.
Turning right-hand to the right is supination.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Muscle
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Ansa cervicalis nerves

[ID 1042]

“GHost THought SOmeone STupid SHot Irene”:
Geniohyoid
Thyrohyoid
S uperior Omohyoid
S ternothyroid
S ternohyoid
Inferior omohyoid
Knowledge Level 6, System: Nervous
Anonymous Contributor

Autonomics to the gut

[ID 439]

“The PARAsympathetics follow a rule of TWO” [pair = two]:
The vagus does the top, the sacral splanchnics the outflow tract.
“The sympathetics follow a rule of threes”:
Greater, lesser, least splanchnic nerves go to the celiac,superior and inferior mesenteric ganglion.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Nervous
Anonymous Contributor

Bell’s palsy: symptoms

Hi Yield [ID 1943]

BELL’S Palsy:
Blink reflex abnormal
Earache
Lacrimation [deficient, excess]
Loss of taste
S udden onset
Palsy of VII nerve muscles
All symptoms are unilateral.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Nervous
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Brachial plexus branches

Hi Yield [ID 135]

“My Aunt Raped My Uncle”:
From lateral to medial:
Musculocutaneous
Axillary
Radial
Median
Ulnar
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Anonymous Contributor

Brachial plexus organization

Hi Yield [ID 580]

“The Castrated Dog Turns Rabid”:
From lateral to medial:
Terminal branches
Cords
Divisions
Trunks
Roots
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Chip Louisiana State University Medical Center

Brachial plexus subunits

[ID 18]

”Randy Travis Drinks Cold Beer”:
Roots
Trunks
Divisions
Cords
Branches
Alternatively: “Read The Damn Cadaver Book!”
Alternatively: “Real Texans Drink Coors Beer”.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Karl and Anonymous Contributor Boston U. School of Medicine and Not Specified

Brachial plexus: branches of posterior cord

[ID 465]

STAR:
S ubscapular [upper and lower]
Thoracodorsal
Axillary
Radial
Knowledge Level 2, System: Nervous
Zaineb Vakil Gulf Medical College Ajman

Brachial plexus: numbers of each section

Hi Yield [ID 2741]

It is the same backwards and forwards:
5-3-2-3-5:
5 Rami
3 Trunks
2 Divisions
3 Cords
5 Terminal nerves
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Melissa L. Toth UMDNJ School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ

Buttock quadrant safest for needle insertion

Hi Yield [ID 14]

“Shut up and butt out”:
The Upper Outer quadrant of the Buttock safely avoids hitting sciatic nerve.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Nervous
Anonymous Contributor

Carpal tunnel syndrome causes

Hi Yield [ID 126]

MEDIAN TRAP:
Myxoedema
Edema premenstrually
Diabetes
Idiopathic
Agromegaly
Neoplasm
Trauma
Rheumatoid arthritis
Amyloidosis
Pregnancy
Mnemonic fits nicely since median nerve is trapped.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Nervous
Anonymous Contributor

Carpal tunnel syndrome: causes

TRAMP:
Trauma (occupational)
Rheumatiod arthritis
Acromegaly
Myxoedema
Pregnancy
Alternatively: ARMPIT to include Idiopathic.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous
Isae Kilonzo University College Cork, Ireland

Hi Yield [ID 1770]

Cervical plexus: arrangement of the important nerves

[ID 268]

“GLAST”:
4 compass points: clockwise from north on the right side of neck:
Great auricular
Lesser occipital
Accessory nerve pops out between L and S
S upraclavicular
Transverse cervical
See diagram.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

CN VII innervated muscles (branchial arch 2 derivatives)

[ID 305]

“Imagine someone making the facial expression to say ‘PSS…’ “:
Facial expression muscles
Posterior belly of digastric
S tapedius
S tylohyoid
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous
Christian Erickson Duke University

Deep tendon reflexes: root supply

Hi Yield [ID 185]

“1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8”:
S1-2: ankle
L3-4: knee
C5-6: biceps, supinator
C7-8: triceps
Knowledge Level 2, System: Nervous
Anonymous Contributor

Deep tendon reflexes: root supply

Hi Yield [ID 550]

God designed body reflexes according to a nursery rhyme:
One, two– buckle my shoe. Three, four– kick the door. Five, six– pick up sticks. Seven, eight– shut the gate.
S1,2 = ankle jerk
L3,4 = knee jerk
C5,6 = biceps and brachioradialis
C7,8 = triceps
Knowledge Level 2, System: Nervous
Bryan Traynor Massachussetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA

Dermatome C6 location

Hi Yield [ID 91]

Stick arm out like crucifixion stance. Curl your thumb and forefinger into an “OK” symbol while
keeping your other fingers straight.
Your hand should now look like a 6 shape.
So C6 dermatome is your thumb and top of arm (reason for crucifix stance).
See diagram.
Knowledge Level 5, System: Nervous
Anonymous Contributor

Dermatome C7 location

Hi Yield [ID 568]

C7 gives the finger to heaven (as in middle finger).
Knowledge Level 5, System: Nervous
Jules Bristol University

Diaphragm innervation

Hi Yield [ID 23]

“3, 4, 5 keeps the diaphragm alive”:
Diaphragm innervation is cervical roots 3, 4, and 5.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Michael Nawfal

Ear: bones of inner ear

[ID 1403]

Take a Hammer: Malleus
Hit an Indian Elephant: Incus
It puts its foot in a stirrup: Stapes
Describes the shape, and relative position (from out to in) of the inner ear bones.
Alternatively: “Mailing Includes Stamps”.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Robert Lueken and Frank Hopkins Eastern Virginia Medical School

Extraocular muscles cranial nerve innervation

Hi Yield [ID 572]

“LR6SO4 rest 3”:
Lateral Rectus is 6th
S uperior Oblique is 4th
rest are all 3rd cranial nerve
Knowledge Level 2, System: Nervous
Atul Singh Detroit Medical Center

Extraocular muscles: movements

[ID 2811]

“ObliqLiques cause lateral rotation of eyeball”:
Obliques cause lateral, all other rectii are medial rotators of the eyeball.
Action of the obliques is opposite to their names.
Action of the rectii is rightly fitting to their names.
Both superiors cause intorsion and both inferiors cause extorsion.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous
Varsha RMC, Loni, India

Face muscles: large muscle groups’ cranial innervation

[ID 71]

Mandibular nerve: Mastication.
Facial nerve: Facial expression.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Anonymous Contributor

Facial nerve branches

[ID 825]

“Two Zombies Buggered My Cat”:
From superior to inferior:
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Mandibular branch
Cervical branch
Alternatively: “Two Zulus Bit My Cat”.
Alternatively: “Two Zebras Bit My Coccyx”.
Alternatively: “To Zanzibar By Motor Car”.
Alternatively: “Tall Zulus Bear Many Children”.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Anonymous Contributor and Rohan hall Universtiy of Otago, NZ and Anatomist

Facial nerve: branches after Stylomastoid foramen

[ID 863]

“Ten Zulus Buggered My Cat (Painfully)”:
From superior to inferior:
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Mandibular branch
Cervical branch
(Posterior auricular nerve)
Alternatively: “PAssing Through Zanzibar By Motor Car” (PA for Posterior Auricular).
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Stephan Sanders and Kris Downing Nottingham Medical School, UK and UCR/UCLA Biomedical Sciences Program, USA

Horner’s syndrome components

Hi Yield [ID 889]

SPAM:
S unken eyeballs/ S ymphathetic plexus (cervical) affected
Ptosis
Anhydrosis
Miosis
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Samuel Atom Baek-Kim

Horner’s syndrome components

Hi Yield [ID 1823]

“HORNy PAM”
Horner’s is:
Ptosis
Anhidrosis
Miosis
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Ocean University of Texas Medical Branch

Lacrimal nerve course

[ID 757]

“Lacrimal’s story of 8 L’s”:
Lacrimal nerve runs on Lateral wall of orbit above Lateral rectus, then Lets communicating branch join in, then supplies Lacrimal gland, then
Leaves it and supplies Lateral upper eye Lid!
Knowledge Level 4, System: Nervous
Usman Ahmad KMC

Lingual nerve course

[ID 329]

The Lingual nerve
Took a curve
Around the Hyoglossus.
“Well I’ll be f*#ked!”
Said Wharton’s Duct,
“The bastard’s gone and crossed us!”
Knowledge Level 6, System: Nervous
Sam Hinton University of California, San Diego

Lumbar plexus

[ID 643]

“I, I Get Laid On Fridays”:
Iliohypogastric [L1]
Ilioinguinal [L1]
Genitofemoral [L1, L2]
Lateral femoral cutaneous [L2, L3]
Obtruator [L2, L3, L4]
Femoral [L2, L3, L4]
Alternatively: “I twice Get Laid On Fridays”.
Alternatively: “Interested In Getting Laid On Fridays?”
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous
Alfred Munoz MCP-Hahnemann School Of Medicine

Lumbar plexus roots

[ID 263]

“2 from 1, 2 from 2, 2 from 3”:
2 nerves from 1 root: Ilioinguinal (L1), Iliohypogastric (L1).
2 nerves from 2 roots: Genitofemoral (L1,L2), Lateral Femoral (L2,L3).
2 nerves from 3 roots: Obturator (L2,L3,L4), Femoral (L2,L3,L4).
Knowledge Level 4, System: Nervous
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Median and ulnar nerves: common features

[ID 274]

Each supply 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus.
Each supplies 2 lumbricals.
Each has a palmar cutaneous nerve that pops off prematurely.
Each supplies an eminence group of muscles [ulnar: hypothenar. median: thenar].
Each enters forearm through two heads [ulnar: heads of flexor carpi ulnaris. median: heads of pronator teres].
Each has no branches in upper arm.
Each makes two fingers claw when cut at wrist.
Each supplies a palmaris [median: palmaris longus. ulnar: palmaris brevis].
Knowledge Level 6, System: Nervous
Robert O’Connor University College Dublin